普利策文学奖不是一个独立的奖项，而是美本亮兴验国普利策奖众多分枝中福消随速去四轴的一个。约瑟夫·普利策在去世前第7年--1904年，立下遗嘱，将自己的财产捐献给美国的哥伦比亚大学，由他们建立一个新闻学院。
- 中文名称 普利策文学奖
- 外文名称 Pulitzer prize for Fiction
- 创立人 约瑟夫·普利策
- 包含 13个奖项
- 代表 Middlesex(中性)
约瑟夫·普利策生前是美国最著名的报人，他创立的编辑来自写作制度至今都在影响着报业的运作，因而普利策奖中最重要的组成部分就是新闻类奖项。目前共包含突发新闻报道奖、调查报道奖等14个。但是"由于普利策敏锐、有远见的洞察力"，该奖还设立了文艺类奖项，坏加目前包括6个文学奖和一个音乐奖，而且正是这些非新闻类的奖项在一定程度上扩大了普利策奖的影响力。目前普利策奖每个奖项的奖金为一360百科万美元。
最初普利策只设立了13个奖项，其中文学奖有5个，包括小说类、戏剧类和传记类等等。但是出日指认汉胜领设于长远考虑，他决定设立一个监督咨询委员会，由后者在将来确定奖项的设立、变更等等。几十年来，这个委员会做出了一些很有突破性的决定，曾先后增设了哥位波节摄影类和诗类奖项，并打破了"音乐奖的评选范围仅限于古典音乐领域"的界限。
叶握巴诉右落践丰备旧特色
普利策文学奖的标新立异之处在于它与大众口味的背道而驰，畅销的文学作品从不受它的垂青，即便大作家的作品也不例外。
诸如，1941年它就"抛弃"了红极一时的《丧钟为谁而鸣》，直到12设胞红六派世见械座第年后《老人与海》问世时，落说规倒很它才将文学奖授予海明威。同样如福克纳的《八月之光》也有此"待遇"。这种评选使得它经常被置于争议之中，在一本《美国普利策奖金内幕》的书中就曾提到，1988年曾有近50位作家给媒体写信，怒口响稳门自称两名最受读者推崇的美国黑人作家从未进入普利策奖的视野，并认为它学日内有种族主义倾向。而且普利策文学奖空缺多届，迄今已不下10次。
实际上很多优秀的作品还是没有被普利策文学奖错过的，其中包括伊迪丝·华顿的《天真时代》(1921年获奖)、赛珍珠的《大地》(1932年获奖)、玛格丽特·米切尔的《飘》(1937年获奖)、约翰·斯坦贝克的《愤怒的葡萄》(1940年获奖)、赫尔曼·沃克的《凯恩舰哗变》(1952年获奖)、哈珀·李的按击染内练课误财《杀死一只知更鸟运互孙采划它》(1961年获奖)、艾丽斯·沃克的《紫色》(198最天3年获奖)等等。这些作品都曾在中国出版过。
历年获奖名单
小说类 Fiction
来自 2003 Middlesex(中性) by Jeffrey Eugeni360百科des
2002 Empi快鸡宽众如争re Falls(帝国的崩塌) 假by Richard Rus带背品核so
2001 The Amazing Adventu前青继设数演res of Kavalier & Clay(卡瓦利与克雷的神奇批放冒险) by Michael Chabon
2000 Interpreter of Maladies(医生的翻讲校前其刘流长权兵译员) by Jhumpa Lahiri
1999 The Hours(小时) 列取标究或by Michael Cunningham
1998 American Pasto的构少动希怀雨村卫星行ral(美国田园)by Philip Roth
1997 Martin Dressler: The Tale of an American Dreamer(马丁·倍衣吧责迪热思尔:一个美国梦的故事) by Steven Millhauser
1996 Independence Day(独立日) by Richard Ford
1995 The Sto教声跳太城极帮审行送歌ne Diaries(石头日记) by Carol Shields
1994 The S富敌论调还院载集换烟hipping News(航运新闻) by E. Annie Proulx
1993 A Good Scent from a Strange Mountain(一个好的气味从一个奇怪的山) by Robert Olen Butler
1992 A Thousa以nd Acres(一千英亩) by Jane Smiley
1991 Rabbit at Rest(兔子安眠) by John Updike
1990 The Mambo Kings Play Songs of Love(马博王爱的歌曲) by Oscar Hijuelos
1989 Breathing Lessons(呼吸课程) by Anne Tyler
1988 Beloved(心爱) by Toni Morrison
1987 A Summons to Memphis(传票孟菲斯) by Peter Taylor
1986 Lonesome Dove(寂寞之鸽) by Larry McM开座怎云航势究南名古urtry
1985 Foreign Affairs(外交事务) by Alison Lurie
1984 Ironweed(紫苑草) by William Kennedy
1983 The Color Purple(紫色姊妹花) by Alice Walker
1982 Rab同真岩轴升bit Is Rich(兔子很有钱) by John Updike
1981 A Confederacy of Dunces(伟人有缺点是愚人云善两形强些的同谋) by Jo主刑发hn Kenned棉食事马请y Toole
1980 The Executioner's Song(刽子手之歌) by Norman Mailer
1979 The Stories of John Cheever(约翰·奇弗的故事)by J径星课鲁眼总右ohn Cheever
1978 Elbow Room(拥挤的世界) by James Alan McPherson
1977 No Award (没有颁奖，无获奖作品)
1976 Humboldt's Gifths(洪堡的礼物) by Saul Bellow
1975 The Killer Angels(杀手天使) by Michael Shaara
1974 No Award (没有颁奖，无获奖作品)
1973 The Optimist's Daughter(乐观主义者的女儿) by Eudora Welty
1972 Angle of Repose(静止的角度) by Wallace Stegner
1971 No Award (没有颁奖，无获奖作品)
1970 Collected Stories(故事集) by Jean Stafford
1969 House Made of Dawn(黎明之屋) by N. Scott Momaday
1968 The Confessions of Nat Turner by William Styron
1967 The Fixer(牢固) by Bernard Malamud
1966 Collected Stories(故事集) by Katherine Anne Porter
1965 The Keepers of the House(房子的守护者) by Shirley Ann Grau
非小说类 Nonfiction
2003 A Problem from Hell: America and the Age of Genocide( 从地狱的一个问题:美国和年龄的种族屠杀
)by Samantha Power
2002 Carry Me Home: Birmingham, Alabama: The Climactic Battle of the Civil Rights Revolution(带我回家:伯明翰阿拉巴马州:战斗的高潮民权革命) by Diane McWhorter
2001 Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan( 昭和天皇,而且也塑造了人的现代日本)by Herbert P. Bix
2000 Embracing Defeat(拥抱失败) by John W. Dower
1999 Annals of the Former World(这个前世界纪录) by John McPhee
1998 Guns, Germs, and Steel( 枪炮、病菌与钢铁)by Jared Diamond
1997 Ashes to Ashes(灰飞烟灭) by Richard Kluger
1996 The Haunted Land(闹鬼的土地) by Tina Rosenberg
1995 The Beak of the Finch(芬奇的嘴部) by Jonathan Weiner
1994 Lenin's Tomb(列宁之墓) by David Remnick
1993 Lincoln at Gettysburg(林肯葛底斯堡) by Garry Wills
1992 The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power(这个奖:传奇寻求石油、金钱和权力
) by Daniel Yergin
1991 The Ants(蚂蚁) by Bert Hölldobler and Edward O. Wilson
1990 And Their Children After Them(和他们的孩子在后头) by Dale Maharidge and Michael Williamson
1989 A Bright Shining Lie: John Paul Vann and America in Vietnam( 一个明亮的撒谎:约翰·保罗和美国在越南)by Neil Sheehan
1988 The Making of the Atomic Bomb(制作原子弹) by Richard Rhodes
1987 Arab and Jew: Wounded Spirits in a Promised Land(阿拉伯人和犹太人:受伤的精神在应许之地) by David K. Shipler
1986 Common Ground(共同点) by J. Anthony Lukas
传记类 Biography
2003 Master of the Senate: The Years of Lyndon Johnson(主人的参议院:多年的约翰逊) by Robert A. Caro
2002 John Adams(约翰·亚当斯) by David McCullough
2001 W.E.B. Du Bois: The Fight for Equality and the American Century, 1919-1963(W.E.B.机械化和女性:争取平等和美国的世纪,1919 - 1963) by David Levering Lewis
2000 Véra by Stacy Schiff
1999 Lindbergh(林德伯格) by A. Scott Berg
1998 Personal History(个人历史) by Katharine Graham
1997 Angela's Ashes(安琪拉的骨灰) by Frank McCourt
1996 God: A Biography(上帝:传记) by Jack Miles
1995 Harriet Beecher Stowe: A Life(哈丽特·比彻·斯托:一种生命) by Joan D. Hedrick
1994 W.E.B. Du Bois: Biography of a Race, 1868-1919( W.E.B.机械化和女性:传记的一场比赛,1868 - 1919)by David Levering Lewis
1993 Truman(杜鲁门) by David McCullough
1992 Fortunate Son(幸运的儿子) by Lewis B. Puller Jr.
1991 Jackson Pollock(杰克逊·波洛克) by Steven Naifeh and Gregory White Smith
1990 Machiavelli in Hell(马基雅维里在地狱) by Sebastian de Grazia
1989 Oscar Wilde(奥斯卡·王尔德) by Richard Ellmann
1988 Look Homeward: A Life of Thomas Wolfe(看起来归途上:托马斯·沃尔夫的生活) by David Herbert Donald
1987 Bearing the Cross by David J. Garrow
1986 Louise Bogan: A Portrait(路易斯·博甘:一幅肖像) by Elizabeth Frank
历史类 History
2003 An Army at Dawn: The War in Africa, 1942-1943(军队在黎明的战争,在非洲,1942 - 1943) by Rick Atkinson
2002 The Metaphysical Club: A Story of Ideas in America(形而上学的俱乐部,一个故事的想法在美国) by Louis Menand
2001 Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation(成立兄弟:革命的一代) by Joseph J. Ellis
2000 Freedom from Fear(免除恐惧的自由) by David M. Kennedy
1999 Gotham: A History of New York City to 1898(高谭市:一个历史的纽约1898) by Edwin G. Burrows and Mike Wallace
1998 Summer for the Gods(众神之夏) by Edward J. Larson
1997 Original Meanings: Politics and Ideas in the Making of the Constitution(原始含义:政治和思想使宪法的规定) by Jack N. Rakove
1996 William Cooper's Town( 威廉·库珀的城镇)by Alan Taylor
1995 No Ordinary Time(一个不平凡的时间) by Doris Kearns Goodwin
1994 No Award (没有获奖作品)
1993 The Radicalism of the American Revolution(美国革命的激进) by Gordon S. Wood
1992 The Fate of Liberty: Abraham Lincoln and Civil Liberties( 自由的命运:亚伯拉罕·林肯和民权)by Mark E. Neely Jr.
1991 A Midwife's TaleI(一个助产士的故事) by Laurel Thatcher Ulrich
1990 In Our Image: America's Empire in the Philippines by Stanley Karnow
1989 Battle Cry of Freedom(呐喊的自由) by James M. McPherson
And Parting the Waters: America in the King Years, 1954-63(穿过水:美国在王年,1954 - 63)
by Taylor Branch
1988 The Launching of Modern American Science, 1846-1976(开展现代美国科学,1846 - 1976)by Robert V. Bruce
1987 Voyagers to the West(西部的星际旅客说有着特殊) by Bernard Bailyn
1986 The Heavens and the Earth(诸天与地) by Walter A. McDougall
戏剧类 Drama
2003 Anna in the Tropics(安娜在热带) by Nilo Cruz
2002 Topdog/Underdog by Suzan-Lori Parks
2001 Proof(证明) by David Auburn
2000 Dinner with Friends(友情晚餐) by Donald Margulies
1999 Wit(机智) by Margaret Edson
1998 How I Learned to Drive(我学会了开车吗) by Paula Vogel
1997 No Award (没有获奖作品)
1996 Rent(租) by Jonathan Larson
1995 The Young Man from Atlanta by Horton Foote
1994 Three Tall Women(三个高个子女性) by Edward Albee
1993 Angels in America(天使在美国) by Tony Kushner
1992 The Kentucky Cycle(在肯塔基州的周期)by Robert Schenkkan
1991 Lost in Yonkers(迷失在扬克斯) by Neil Simon
1990 The Piano Lesson(钢琴课) by August Wilson
1989 The Heidi Chronicles(海蒂的记载)by Wendy Wasserstein
1988 Driving Miss Daisy(为戴茜小姐开车)by Alfred Uhry
1987 Fences(栅栏) by August Wilson
1986 No Award(没有获奖作品)
诗歌类 Poetry
2003 Moy Sand and Gravel(莫伊沙砾) by Paul Muldoon
2002 Practical Gods(实践神) by Carl Dennis
2001 Different Hours(不同小时) by Stephen Dunn
2000 Repair(修复) by C.K. Williams
1999 Blizzard of One(暴雪) by Mark Strand
1998 Black Zodiac(黑色黄道带) by Charles Wright
1997 Alive Together(一起活着) by Lisel Mueller
1996 The Dream of the Unified Front(梦想的统一战线) by Jorie Graham
1995 The Simple Truth(简单的事实) by Philip Levine
1994 Neon Vernacular(彩虹方言) by Yusef Komunyakaa
1993 The Wild Iris(野鸢尾) by Louise Gluck
1992 Selected Poems(诗选) by James Tate
1991 Near Changes(变化附近) by Mona Van Duyn
1990 The World Doesn't End(世界上还没有结束) by Charles Simic
1989 New and Collected Poems(新作与诗集) by Richard Wilbur
1988 Partial Accounts(部分账户) by William Meredith
1987 Thomas and Beulah by Rita Dove
1986 The Flying Changez(飞行改变) by Henry Taylor